Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) vs. Aluminum 7050-T7451

Compare Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) vs. Aluminum 7050-T7451 strength, stiffness, weight and thermal properties.

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Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Bulk polymer (molded or machined)

Mechanical
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Yield strength	45MPasourcetypical, tensile stress at yield 23 °C	469MPasourcetypical, longitudinal, 0.2% offset
Ultimate tensile strength	not sourced	524MPasourcetypical, longitudinal
Flexural strength	65MPasourcetypical, 23 °C	not sourced
Elongation at break	10%sourcenominal strain at break, 23 °C	11%sourcetypical, longitudinal
Young's modulus (stiffness)	2.3GPasourcetypical	70.3GPasourcetypical30.6x stiffer
Density	1,040kg/m³sourcetypical	2,830kg/m³sourcenominal
Strength to weight	43.3kN·m/kg	166kN·m/kg3.83x higher
Stiffness to weight	2.21MN·m/kg	24.8MN·m/kg11.2x higher
Poisson's ratio	0.39sourcetypical, ABS family (Covestro Part and Mold Design guide, Table 3-1)	0.33sourcetypical (handbook physical constant)
Shear modulus	0.827GPa	26.4GPa31.9x stiffer in shear
Bulk modulus	3.48GPa	68.9GPa
Speed of sound	1,487m/s	4,984m/s
Thermal
Thermal conductivity	0.17W/m·Ksourcetypical	157W/m·Ksourcetypical, 20 °C
Thermal expansion	80–110µm/m·Ksourcerange	23.5µm/m·Ksourcetypical, mean 20-100 °C
100 mm part over a 50 °C swing	475µm growth	118µm growth4.04x less
Specific heat	not sourced	860J/kg·Ksourcetypical, at 100 °C
Heats up and cools (diffusivity)	not sourced	64.5mm²/s
Thermal shock resistance	21.4W/m	29,862W/m1,398x more resistant
Melting point	not sourced	524–635°Csourcemelting range
Max service temperature	94°CsourceHDT 1.8 MPa (annealed 4 h/80 °C)	not sourced
Values for	INEOS Styrolution Terluran GP-22 general-purpose injection-molding ABS, ISO typical values (TDS revision 08/01/2022)	7050-T7451 plate, Kaiser Aluminum sheet, coil & plate typical datasheet (longitudinal); Poisson from MIL-HDBK-5J

Every value links to the document that states it. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.

Questions

Is Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) stronger than Aluminum 7050-T7451?

Aluminum 7050-T7451 is stronger: its yield strength is 469 MPa against 45 MPa for Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) (10.4x).

Which is lighter, Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) or Aluminum 7050-T7451?

Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) is lighter: 1,040 kg/m³ against 2,830 kg/m³ for Aluminum 7050-T7451.

Which is stiffer, Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) or Aluminum 7050-T7451?

Aluminum 7050-T7451 is stiffer: Young's modulus 70.3 GPa against 2.3 GPa for Plastic ABS (bulk/injection), so the same part in Aluminum 7050-T7451 deflects less under the same load.

Which is lighter for the same job, Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) or Aluminum 7050-T7451?

For the same stiffness or strength: Aluminum 7050-T7451 is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), stiff beam (bending), stiff panel or plate, strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.

Part that must be	Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)	Aluminum 7050-T7451
Stiff rod or tie (tension)	11.2x heavier	lighter
Stiff beam (bending)	2.03x heavier	lighter
Stiff panel or plate	15% heavier	lighter
Strong rod or tie	3.83x heavier	lighter
Strong beam	1.75x heavier	lighter
Strong panel or plate	19% heavier	lighter

For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).

Which conducts heat better, Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) or Aluminum 7050-T7451?

Aluminum 7050-T7451 conducts heat better: 157 W/m·K against 0.17 W/m·K for Plastic ABS (bulk/injection).

Which expands less with temperature?

Aluminum 7050-T7451 expands less: 23.5 µm/m·K against 95 µm/m·K for Plastic ABS (bulk/injection).

Among 59 materials

Stiffness against density

Strength against density