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Aluminum 2024-T351 vs. DMLS 316L Stainless Steel

Compare Aluminum 2024-T351 vs. DMLS 316L Stainless Steel strength, stiffness, weight and thermal properties.

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Aluminum 2024-T351Wrought
DMLS 316L Stainless Steel3D printed metal (DMLS)
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Mechanical
Yield strength324MPasourcetypical, 0.2% offset, .500 in dia specimen530MPasourcetypical, as manufactured, horizontal
Ultimate tensile strength469MPasourcetypical640MPasourcetypical, as manufactured, horizontal
Elongation at break19%sourcetypical, in 4D40%sourcetypical at break, as manufactured, horizontal
Young's modulus (stiffness)73.1GPasourcetypical185GPasourcetypical, as built, horizontal (XY); EOSINT M280-400W / M290-400W, 316L_Surface 1.0, 20 µm (2014 sheet)
Density2,770kg/m³sourcenominal7,900kg/m³sourcepart density (ISO 3369, not labelled min or typical), EOS M 290, 40 µm FlexLine
Strength to weight117kN·m/kg1.74x higher67.1kN·m/kg
Stiffness to weight26.4MN·m/kg13% higher23.4MN·m/kg
Poisson's ratio0.33sourcetypical (handbook physical constant), all tempers0.3sourcebase material: austenitic stainless steels incl. 1.4404 (316L), design value
Shear modulus27.5GPa71.2GPa2.59x stiffer in shear
Bulk modulus71.7GPa154GPa
Speed of sound5,137m/s4,839m/s
Thermal
Thermal conductivity120W/m·Ksourcetypical, 20 °C16.2W/m·Ksourcebase material: wrought 316/316L (Cleveland-Cliffs), at 100 °C
Thermal expansion22.9µm/m·Ksourcetypical, mean 20-100 °C15.7µm/m·Ksourcemean 25-100 °C, ASTM E228
100 mm part over a 50 °C swing115µm growth78.6µm growth46% less
Specific heat875J/kg·Ksourcetypical, at 100 °C500J/kg·Ksourcebase material: wrought 316/316L (Cleveland-Cliffs), 0-100 °C
Heats up and cools (diffusivity)49.5mm²/s12.1x faster4.1mm²/s
Thermal shock resistance15,561W/m7.53x more resistant2,067W/m
Melting point502–638°Csourcemelting rangenot sourced
Values for2024-T4/T351, Kaiser Aluminum sheet, coil & plate typical datasheet; Poisson from MIL-HDBK-5JEOS StainlessSteel 316L (powder 9011-0032), EOS M 290, ParameterSet 316L 20µm Surface M290/400W, as manufactured, horizontal; ISO 6892-1

Every value links to the document that states it. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.

DMLS 316L Stainless Steel is 3D printed: its properties depend on build direction and print settings; these are typical values.

Questions

Is Aluminum 2024-T351 stronger than DMLS 316L Stainless Steel?

DMLS 316L Stainless Steel is stronger: its yield strength is 530 MPa against 324 MPa for Aluminum 2024-T351 (1.64x).

Which is lighter, Aluminum 2024-T351 or DMLS 316L Stainless Steel?

Aluminum 2024-T351 is lighter: 2,770 kg/m³ against 7,900 kg/m³ for DMLS 316L Stainless Steel.

Which is stiffer, Aluminum 2024-T351 or DMLS 316L Stainless Steel?

DMLS 316L Stainless Steel is stiffer: Young's modulus 185 GPa against 73.1 GPa for Aluminum 2024-T351, so the same part in DMLS 316L Stainless Steel deflects less under the same load.

Which is lighter for the same job, Aluminum 2024-T351 or DMLS 316L Stainless Steel?

For the same stiffness or strength: Aluminum 2024-T351 is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), stiff beam (bending), stiff panel or plate, strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.

Part that must beAluminum 2024-T351DMLS 316L Stainless Steel
Stiff rod or tie (tension)lighter13% heavier
Stiff beam (bending)lighter1.79x heavier
Stiff panel or platelighter2.09x heavier
Strong rod or tielighter1.74x heavier
Strong beamlighter2.05x heavier
Strong panel or platelighter2.23x heavier

For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).

Which conducts heat better, Aluminum 2024-T351 or DMLS 316L Stainless Steel?

Aluminum 2024-T351 conducts heat better: 120 W/m·K against 16.2 W/m·K for DMLS 316L Stainless Steel.

Which expands less with temperature?

DMLS 316L Stainless Steel expands less: 15.7 µm/m·K against 22.9 µm/m·K for Aluminum 2024-T351.

Among 59 materials

1k10k0.1110100Density (kg/m³)Young's modulus (GPa)Plastic PLAPlastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic TPUPlastic NylonAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless 304Stainless 316Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless 303Stainless 17-4PHAluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Magnesium AZ31B-H24Zinc Zamak 3Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM PAHT-CFFDM HIPSSLA Resin Tough 2000SLS PA12 NylonDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelAluminum 2024-T351DMLS 316L Stainless Steel
Stiffness against density
1k10k101001kDensity (kg/m³)Yield strength (MPa)Plastic PLAPlastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic TPUPlastic NylonRubberAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless 304Stainless 316Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless 303Stainless 17-4PHAluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Magnesium AZ31B-H24Zinc Zamak 3Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic PTFEPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM PAHT-CFFDM HIPSSLA Resin Tough 2000SLA Resin Elastic 50ASLS PA12 NylonDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelBrickAluminum 2024-T351DMLS 316L Stainless Steel
Strength against density

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