Materials / Compare

Silicon vs. Wood

Compare Silicon vs. Wood strength, stiffness, weight and thermal properties.

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SiliconGrown single crystal
WoodNatural
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Mechanical
Yield strengthnot given (tensile used)not given (tensile used)
Ultimate tensile strength130MPasourcemodulus of rupture (bending fracture stress); brittle, no yield point99MPasourcemodulus of rupture (no direct tensile value)
Compressive strengthnot sourced46.6MPasourcecompression parallel to grain (maximum crushing strength), 12% MC
Flexural strength130MPasourcemodulus of rupture99MPasourcemodulus of rupture (static bending), 12% MC
Elongation at breaknot sourcednot sourced
Young's modulus (stiffness)131GPasourcetypical (single quoted value of an anisotropic crystal)12.5GPasourcebending MOE, parallel to grain
Density2,329kg/m³sourcetypicalnot sourced
Strength to weight55.8kN·m/kgnot sourced
Stiffness to weight56.2MN·m/kgnot sourced
Poisson's ratio0.221sourcetypical0.35sourcemu_LR (red oak group, ~12% MC)
Shear modulus53.6GPa11.6x stiffer in shear4.63GPa
Bulk modulus78.3GPa13.9GPa
Speed of sound7,500m/snot sourced
Thermal
Thermal conductivity163W/m·Ksourcetypical at 313 K (40 °C)0.18W/m·Ksourceacross grain, 12% MC (Table 4-7, approximate)
Thermal expansion2.62µm/m·Ksourcetypical at 300 K3.1–4.5µm/m·Ksourceparallel to grain, ovendry wood, range across species
100 mm part over a 50 °C swing13.1µm growth45% less19µm growth
Specific heat732J/kg·Ksourcetypical1,700J/kg·Ksourcesolid wood (all species), 12% MC, 27 C
Heats up and cools (diffusivity)95.6mm²/snot sourced
Thermal shock resistance48,095W/m197x more resistant244W/m
Melting point1,412°Csourcetypicalnot sourced
Max service temperature300°Csourceproducer's maximum application temperature (optical components)not sourced
Values forSynthetic single-crystal silicon (cubic, diamond structure), Korth Kristalle (crystal grower) material data; Korth usually supplies Floating Zone (FZ) material, Czochralski (Cz) also offered. Silicon is elastically anisotropic; the producer quotes one modulus and the solver is isotropic.Northern red oak (Quercus rubra), clear straight-grained specimens at 12% MC, parallel to grain unless stated; USDA FPL Wood Handbook FPL-GTR-282 (2021) Ch. 4 and Ch. 5

Every value links to the document that states it. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.

Questions

Is Silicon stronger than Wood?

Silicon is stronger: its tensile strength is 130 MPa against 99 MPa for Wood (31%).

Which is stiffer, Silicon or Wood?

Silicon is stiffer: Young's modulus 131 GPa against 12.5 GPa for Wood, so the same part in Silicon deflects less under the same load.

Which conducts heat better, Silicon or Wood?

Silicon conducts heat better: 163 W/m·K against 0.18 W/m·K for Wood.

Which expands less with temperature?

Silicon expands less: 2.62 µm/m·K against 3.8 µm/m·K for Wood.

Among 72 materials

1k10k0.1110100Density (kg/m³)Young's modulus (GPa)Plastic PLAPlastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic TPUPlastic NylonAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless Steel 304Stainless Steel 316Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless Steel 303Stainless Steel 17-4PHAluminum 2024-T351Aluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Magnesium AZ31B-H24Zinc Zamak 3Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM PAHT-CFFDM HIPSSLA Resin Tough 2000SLS PA12 NylonDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 316L Stainless SteelDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelPCB Laminate FR-4Ceramic Alumina 96%Ceramic Aluminum NitrideAluminum A380Aluminum 6063-T6Aluminum 1100-OAluminum ADC12Magnesium AZ91DSolder SAC305Plastic PBT GF30Plastic PPS GF40Plastic LCP GF30Silicon
Stiffness against density
1k10k101001kDensity (kg/m³)Yield strength (MPa)Plastic PLAPlastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic TPUPlastic NylonRubberAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless Steel 304Stainless Steel 316Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless Steel 303Stainless Steel 17-4PHAluminum 2024-T351Aluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Magnesium AZ31B-H24Zinc Zamak 3Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic PTFEPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM PAHT-CFFDM HIPSSLA Resin Tough 2000SLA Resin Elastic 50ASLS PA12 NylonDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 316L Stainless SteelDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelBrickPCB Laminate FR-4Ceramic Alumina 96%Aluminum A380Aluminum 6063-T6Aluminum 1100-OAluminum ADC12Magnesium AZ91DSolder SAC305Plastic PBT GF30Plastic PPS GF40Plastic LCP GF30Silicon
Strength against density

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