Materials / Compare
DMLS 316L Stainless Steel vs. DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium
Compare DMLS 316L Stainless Steel vs. DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium strength, stiffness, weight and thermal properties.
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|---|---|---|
| Mechanical | ||
| Yield strength | 530MPasourcetypical, as manufactured, horizontal | 1,100MPasourcetypical, as built, average of horizontal + vertical (M400) |
| Ultimate tensile strength | 640MPasourcetypical, as manufactured, horizontal | 1,270MPasourcetypical, as built, average of horizontal + vertical (M400) |
| Elongation at break | 40%sourcetypical at break, as manufactured, horizontal | 8.7%sourcetypical at break, as built (M400) |
| Young's modulus (stiffness) | 185GPasourcetypical, as built, horizontal (XY); EOSINT M280-400W / M290-400W, 316L_Surface 1.0, 20 µm (2014 sheet) | 110GPasourcesame maker and process, sibling grade: EOS Titanium Ti64 (Grade 5) on EOS M 290, as built, XY and Z, typical |
| Density | 7,900kg/m³sourcepart density (ISO 3369, not labelled min or typical), EOS M 290, 40 µm FlexLine | 4,400kg/m³sourcetypical part density (ISO 3369), M400 |
| Strength to weight | 67.1kN·m/kg | 250kN·m/kg3.73x higher |
| Stiffness to weight | 23.4MN·m/kg | 25MN·m/kg7% higher |
| Poisson's ratio | 0.3sourcebase material: austenitic stainless steels incl. 1.4404 (316L), design value | 0.342sourcewrought TIMETAL 6-4 (TIMET measurement, mean of 10); composition-level, not DMLS-measured |
| Shear modulus | 71.2GPa1.74x stiffer in shear | 41GPa |
| Bulk modulus | 154GPa | 116GPa |
| Speed of sound | 4,839m/s | 5,000m/s |
| Thermal | ||
| Thermal conductivity | 16.2W/m·Ksourcebase material: wrought 316/316L (Cleveland-Cliffs), at 100 °C | 6.6W/m·Ksourcebase material: wrought Ti-6Al-4V / 6-4 ELI (TIMET datasheet), 20 °C |
| Thermal expansion | 15.7µm/m·Ksourcemean 25-100 °C, ASTM E228 | 9µm/m·Ksourcemean 25-100 °C, ASTM E228; EOS Ti64 Grade 23 (=ELI) on EOS M 290 40 µm; condition not stated (sheet's mechanical data are heat treated) |
| 100 mm part over a 50 °C swing | 78.6µm growth | 45µm growth1.75x less |
| Specific heat | 500J/kg·Ksourcebase material: wrought 316/316L (Cleveland-Cliffs), 0-100 °C | 580J/kg·Ksourcebase material: wrought Ti-6Al-4V / 6-4 ELI (TIMET datasheet), 20 °C |
| Heats up and cools (diffusivity) | 4.1mm²/s1.59x faster | 2.59mm²/s |
| Thermal shock resistance | 2,067W/m | 4,825W/m2.33x more resistant |
| Melting point | not sourced | 1,630–1,650°Csourcemelting range, wrought TIMETAL 6-4 (composition-level) |
| Values for | EOS StainlessSteel 316L (powder 9011-0032), EOS M 290, ParameterSet 316L 20µm Surface M290/400W, as manufactured, horizontal; ISO 6892-1 | EOS Titanium Ti64ELI (powder 9011-0040; ASTM F136/F3001, i.e. Grade 23) on EOS M400 SF, parameter set Ti64ELI_030_FlexM400_100, 30 µm, as built; ISO 6892-1 A14 |
Every value links to the document that states it. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.
DMLS 316L Stainless Steel and DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium are 3D printed: their properties depend on build direction and print settings; these are typical values.
Questions
Is DMLS 316L Stainless Steel stronger than DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium?
DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium is stronger: its yield strength is 1,100 MPa against 530 MPa for DMLS 316L Stainless Steel (2.08x).
Which is lighter, DMLS 316L Stainless Steel or DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium?
DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium is lighter: 4,400 kg/m³ against 7,900 kg/m³ for DMLS 316L Stainless Steel.
Which is stiffer, DMLS 316L Stainless Steel or DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium?
DMLS 316L Stainless Steel is stiffer: Young's modulus 185 GPa against 110 GPa for DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium, so the same part in DMLS 316L Stainless Steel deflects less under the same load.
Which is lighter for the same job, DMLS 316L Stainless Steel or DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium?
For the same stiffness or strength: DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), stiff beam (bending), stiff panel or plate, strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.
| Part that must be | DMLS 316L Stainless Steel | DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium |
|---|---|---|
| Stiff rod or tie (tension) | 7% heavier | lighter |
| Stiff beam (bending) | 38% heavier | lighter |
| Stiff panel or plate | 1.51x heavier | lighter |
| Strong rod or tie | 3.73x heavier | lighter |
| Strong beam | 2.92x heavier | lighter |
| Strong panel or plate | 2.59x heavier | lighter |
For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).
Which conducts heat better, DMLS 316L Stainless Steel or DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium?
DMLS 316L Stainless Steel conducts heat better: 16.2 W/m·K against 6.6 W/m·K for DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium.
Which expands less with temperature?
DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium expands less: 9 µm/m·K against 15.7 µm/m·K for DMLS 316L Stainless Steel.
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