Materials / Compare

FDM PAHT-CF vs. PCB Laminate FR-4

Compare FDM PAHT-CF vs. PCB Laminate FR-4 strength, stiffness, weight and thermal properties.

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FDM PAHT-CF3D printed (FDM)
PCB Laminate FR-4Composite
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Mechanical
Yield strengthnot given (tensile used)not given (tensile used)
Ultimate tensile strength92MPasourcetypical246–385MPasourcetypical, in-plane: cross direction .. length direction (ASTM D3039)
Flexural strength125MPasourcetypical531–621MPasourcetypical: cross direction .. length direction (IPC-TM-650 2.4.4B)
Elongation at break8.4%sourcetypicalnot sourced
Young's modulus (stiffness)3.86GPasourcetypical21.9–25.8GPasourcetypical, in-plane: cross direction .. length direction (ASTM D790-15e2)
Density1,060kg/m³sourcetypical1,920kg/m³sourcetypical, 50% resin content; another FR-4 producer: Park Nelco N4000-6 (high-Tg multifunctional epoxy), not Isola 370HR
Strength to weight86.8kN·m/kg164kN·m/kg1.89x higher
Stiffness to weight3.64MN·m/kg12.4MN·m/kg3.41x higher
Poisson's rationot sourced0.171–0.177sourcetypical, in-plane: cross direction .. length direction
Shear modulusnot sourced10.2GPa
Bulk modulusnot sourced12.2GPa
Speed of sound1,908m/s3,525m/s
Thermal
Thermal conductivitynot sourced0.4W/m·Ksourcetypical (ASTM E1952); direction not stated by the sheet
Thermal expansionnot sourced13–14µm/m·Ksourcetypical, in-plane X/Y-axis, below Tg (IPC-TM-650 2.4.24C)
100 mm part over a 50 °C swingnot sourced67.5µm growth
Specific heatnot sourced1,200–1,400J/kg·Ksourcetypical (ASTM E1461); another FR-4 producer: Park Nelco N4000-6 (high-Tg multifunctional epoxy), not Isola 370HR
Heats up and cools (diffusivity)not sourced0.16mm²/s
Thermal shock resistancenot sourced324W/m
Melting point225°Csourcetypicalnot sourced
Glass transition70°Csourcetypical180°Csourcetypical, DSC (IPC-TM-650 2.4.25C)
Max service temperature170°CsourceHDT 1.8 MPa130°CsourceUL Relative Thermal Index (UL 796)
Values forBambu Lab PAHT-CF, TDS V3.0, printed specimens X-Y, dry state; nozzle 290 °C, bed 100 °C, 100 mm/s, 100% infill; annealed and dried 80 °C for 12 h before testing.Isola 370HR FR-4 laminate (Polyclad PCL-FR-370HR, 180 C Tg multifunctional epoxy, E-glass fabric), copper removed; Isola data sheet Revision C, last updated April 15, 2021. Woven-glass laminate: the sheet gives in-plane values per weave direction (length / cross) and the Z-axis CTE separately; the solver is isotropic per material.

Every value links to the document that states it. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.

FDM PAHT-CF is 3D printed: its properties depend on build direction and print settings; these are typical values.

Questions

Is FDM PAHT-CF stronger than PCB Laminate FR-4?

PCB Laminate FR-4 is stronger: its tensile strength is 315 MPa against 92 MPa for FDM PAHT-CF (3.43x).

Which is lighter, FDM PAHT-CF or PCB Laminate FR-4?

FDM PAHT-CF is lighter: 1,060 kg/m³ against 1,920 kg/m³ for PCB Laminate FR-4.

Which is stiffer, FDM PAHT-CF or PCB Laminate FR-4?

PCB Laminate FR-4 is stiffer: Young's modulus 23.9 GPa against 3.86 GPa for FDM PAHT-CF, so the same part in PCB Laminate FR-4 deflects less under the same load.

Which is lighter for the same job, FDM PAHT-CF or PCB Laminate FR-4?

For the same stiffness or strength: PCB Laminate FR-4 is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), stiff beam (bending), stiff panel or plate, strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.

Part that must beFDM PAHT-CFPCB Laminate FR-4
Stiff rod or tie (tension)3.41x heavierlighter
Stiff beam (bending)37% heavierlighter
Stiff panel or plate1% heavierlighter
Strong rod or tie1.89x heavierlighter
Strong beam26% heavierlighter
Strong panel or plate2% heavierlighter

For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).

Among 72 materials

1k10k0.1110100Density (kg/m³)Young's modulus (GPa)Plastic PLAPlastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic TPUPlastic NylonAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless Steel 304Stainless Steel 316Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless Steel 303Stainless Steel 17-4PHAluminum 2024-T351Aluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Magnesium AZ31B-H24Zinc Zamak 3Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM HIPSSLA Resin Tough 2000SLS PA12 NylonDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 316L Stainless SteelDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelSiliconCeramic Alumina 96%Ceramic Aluminum NitrideAluminum A380Aluminum 6063-T6Aluminum 1100-OAluminum ADC12Magnesium AZ91DSolder SAC305Plastic PBT GF30Plastic PPS GF40Plastic LCP GF30FDM PAHT-CFPCB Laminate FR-4
Stiffness against density
1k10k101001kDensity (kg/m³)Yield strength (MPa)Plastic PLAPlastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic TPUPlastic NylonRubberAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless Steel 304Stainless Steel 316Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless Steel 303Stainless Steel 17-4PHAluminum 2024-T351Aluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Magnesium AZ31B-H24Zinc Zamak 3Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic PTFEPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM HIPSSLA Resin Tough 2000SLA Resin Elastic 50ASLS PA12 NylonDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 316L Stainless SteelDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelBrickSiliconCeramic Alumina 96%Aluminum A380Aluminum 6063-T6Aluminum 1100-OAluminum ADC12Magnesium AZ91DSolder SAC305Plastic PBT GF30Plastic PPS GF40Plastic LCP GF30FDM PAHT-CFPCB Laminate FR-4
Strength against density

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