300°Csourceproducer's maximum application temperature (optical components)
not sourced
Values for
Synthetic single-crystal silicon (cubic, diamond structure), Korth Kristalle (crystal grower) material data; Korth usually supplies Floating Zone (FZ) material, Czochralski (Cz) also offered. Silicon is elastically anisotropic; the producer quotes one modulus and the solver is isotropic.
ASTM A992 W-shapes; Fy/Fu specified minimums from AISC publications (AISC 360-16 Commentary; Modern Steel Construction); elastic constants AISC 360; physical constants from the bauforumstahl structural-steel EPD, which names A992 among covered product standards.
Every value links to the document that states it. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.
Questions
Is Silicon stronger than Steel A992?
Steel A992 is stronger: its yield strength is 385 MPa against tensile strength 130 MPa for Silicon (2.96x).
Which is lighter, Silicon or Steel A992?
Silicon is lighter: 2,329 kg/m³ against 7,850 kg/m³ for Steel A992.
Which is stiffer, Silicon or Steel A992?
Steel A992 is stiffer: Young's modulus 200 GPa against 131 GPa for Silicon, so the same part in Steel A992 deflects less under the same load.
Which is lighter for the same job, Silicon or Steel A992?
For the same stiffness or strength: Silicon is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), stiff beam (bending), stiff panel or plate, strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.
Part that must be
Silicon
Steel A992
Stiff rod or tie (tension)
lighter
2.21x heavier
Stiff beam (bending)
lighter
2.73x heavier
Stiff panel or plate
lighter
2.93x heavier
Strong rod or tie
lighter
14% heavier
Strong beam
lighter
1.63x heavier
Strong panel or plate
lighter
1.96x heavier
For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).
Which conducts heat better, Silicon or Steel A992?
Silicon conducts heat better: 163 W/m·K against 48 W/m·K for Steel A992.
Which expands less with temperature?
Silicon expands less: 2.62 µm/m·K against 12 µm/m·K for Steel A992.