Steel vs. Steel AISI 1045

Compare Steel vs. Steel AISI 1045 strength, stiffness, weight and thermal properties.

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Mechanical
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Yield strength	385MPasourcetypical: mean of 20,295 A992 flange mill-test coupons (1998 SSPC survey), as reported by AISC	531MPasourceproducer-stated, cold drawn
Ultimate tensile strength	505MPasourcetypical: mean of 20,295 A992 flange mill-test coupons (1998 SSPC survey)	627MPasourceproducer-stated, cold drawn
Elongation at break	not sourced	12%sourcein 2 in (50.8 mm)
Young's modulus (stiffness)	200GPasourcedesign value (AISC 360-16)	210GPasourcetypical
Density	7,850kg/m³sourcenominal (constructional data)	7,800kg/m³sourcetypical
Strength to weight	49kN·m/kg	68.1kN·m/kg39% higher
Stiffness to weight	25.5MN·m/kg	26.9MN·m/kg6% higher
Poisson's ratio	0.3sourcedesign value (AISC 360-16 Commentary)	0.3sourcetypical
Shear modulus	76.9GPa	80.8GPa5% stiffer in shear
Bulk modulus	167GPa	175GPa
Speed of sound	5,048m/s	5,189m/s
Thermal
Thermal conductivity	48W/m·Ksourcenominal at 20 °C	40–45W/m·Ksourcetypical range, ambient
Thermal expansion	12µm/m·Ksourcenominal (constructional data, no temperature range stated)	12µm/m·Ksourcetypical, mean 20-300 °C
100 mm part over a 50 °C swing	60µm growth	60µm growth
Specific heat	460–480J/kg·Ksourcebase material: EN S275JR unalloyed structural steel (the EN counterpart of A36), typical, 50/100 °C	460–480J/kg·Ksourcetypical range, 50/100 °C
Heats up and cools (diffusivity)	13mm²/s12% faster	11.6mm²/s
Thermal shock resistance	5,390W/m	6,269W/m16% more resistant
Values for	Generic structural steel, cited as ASTM A992 (the current US structural grade): ASTM A992 W-shapes; Fy/Fu specified minimums from AISC publications (AISC 360-16 Commentary; Modern Steel Construction); elastic constants AISC 360; physical constants from the bauforumstahl structural-steel EPD, which names A992 among covered product standards.	AISI 1045 cold drawn bar (Niagara LaSalle) for mechanical; Ovako C45 (lists 'SAE 1045' as a similar designation) for physical constants

Every value links to the document that states it. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.

Questions

Is Steel stronger than Steel AISI 1045?

Steel AISI 1045 is stronger: its yield strength is 531 MPa against 385 MPa for Steel (38%).

Which is lighter, Steel or Steel AISI 1045?

Steel AISI 1045 is lighter: 7,800 kg/m³ against 7,850 kg/m³ for Steel.

Which is stiffer, Steel or Steel AISI 1045?

Steel AISI 1045 is stiffer: Young's modulus 210 GPa against 200 GPa for Steel, so the same part in Steel AISI 1045 deflects less under the same load.

Which is lighter for the same job, Steel or Steel AISI 1045?

For the same stiffness or strength: Steel AISI 1045 is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), stiff beam (bending), stiff panel or plate, strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.

Part that must be	Steel	Steel AISI 1045
Stiff rod or tie (tension)	6% heavier	lighter
Stiff beam (bending)	3% heavier	lighter
Stiff panel or plate	2% heavier	lighter
Strong rod or tie	39% heavier	lighter
Strong beam	25% heavier	lighter
Strong panel or plate	18% heavier	lighter

For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).

Which conducts heat better, Steel or Steel AISI 1045?

Steel conducts heat better: 48 W/m·K against 42.5 W/m·K for Steel AISI 1045.

Which expands less with temperature?

Steel expands less: 12 µm/m·K against 12 µm/m·K for Steel AISI 1045.

Among 72 materials

Stiffness against density

Strength against density