Materials / Steel
Steel strength, stiffness, density and thermal properties, with their source.
A bracket in Steel, brushed finish.
Process Wrought Mechanical Yield strength 385 MPa source typical: mean of 20,295 A992 flange mill-test coupons (1998 SSPC survey), as reported by AISC Ultimate tensile strength 505 MPa source typical: mean of 20,295 A992 flange mill-test coupons (1998 SSPC survey) Elongation at break not sourced Young's modulus (stiffness) 200 GPa source design value (AISC 360-16) Density 7,850 kg/m³ source nominal (constructional data) Strength to weight 49 kN·m/kg Stiffness to weight 25.5 MN·m/kg Poisson's ratio 0.3 source design value (AISC 360-16 Commentary) Shear modulus 76.9 GPa Bulk modulus 167 GPa Speed of sound 5,048 m/s Thermal Thermal conductivity 48 W/m·K source nominal at 20 °C Thermal expansion 12 µm/m·K source nominal (constructional data, no temperature range stated) 100 mm part over a 50 °C swing 60 µm growth Specific heat 460–480 J/kg·K source base material: EN S275JR unalloyed structural steel (the EN counterpart of A36), typical, 50/100 °C Heats up and cools (diffusivity) 13 mm²/s Thermal shock resistance 5,390 W/m Values for Generic structural steel, cited as ASTM A992 (the current US structural grade): ASTM A992 W-shapes; Fy/Fu specified minimums from AISC publications (AISC 360-16 Commentary; Modern Steel Construction); elastic constants AISC 360; physical constants from the bauforumstahl structural-steel EPD, which names A992 among covered product standards.
Among 59 materials 1k 10k 0.1 1 10 100 Density (kg/m³) Young's modulus (GPa) Plastic PLA Plastic PETG Plastic ABS Plastic TPU Plastic Nylon Aluminum Iron Titanium Steel AISI 1018 Stainless 304 Stainless 316 Aluminum 6061-T6 Aluminum 7075-T6 Brass C360 Copper C110 Glass Steel AISI 1045 Steel AISI 4340 Steel A992 Stainless 303 Stainless 17-4PH Aluminum 2024-T351 Aluminum 5052-H32 Aluminum 7050-T7451 Titanium Ti-6Al-4V Brass C260 Nickel Inconel 718 Magnesium AZ31B-H24 Zinc Zamak 3 Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) Plastic Polycarbonate Plastic POM/Acetal Plastic Nylon PA6 Plastic Nylon PA66 Plastic PEEK Plastic UHMWPE Plastic HDPE Plastic Polypropylene Plastic PMMA FDM ASA FDM Polycarbonate FDM PAHT-CF FDM HIPS SLA Resin Tough 2000 SLS PA12 Nylon DMLS AlSi10Mg Aluminum DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium DMLS 316L Stainless Steel DMLS 17-4PH Stainless Steel Steel Stiffness against density 1k 10k 10 100 1k Density (kg/m³) Yield strength (MPa) Plastic PLA Plastic PETG Plastic ABS Plastic TPU Plastic Nylon Rubber Aluminum Iron Titanium Steel AISI 1018 Stainless 304 Stainless 316 Aluminum 6061-T6 Aluminum 7075-T6 Brass C360 Copper C110 Glass Steel AISI 1045 Steel AISI 4340 Steel A992 Stainless 303 Stainless 17-4PH Aluminum 2024-T351 Aluminum 5052-H32 Aluminum 7050-T7451 Titanium Ti-6Al-4V Brass C260 Nickel Inconel 718 Magnesium AZ31B-H24 Zinc Zamak 3 Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) Plastic Polycarbonate Plastic POM/Acetal Plastic Nylon PA6 Plastic Nylon PA66 Plastic PEEK Plastic PTFE Plastic UHMWPE Plastic HDPE Plastic Polypropylene Plastic PMMA FDM ASA FDM Polycarbonate FDM PAHT-CF FDM HIPS SLA Resin Tough 2000 SLA Resin Elastic 50A SLS PA12 Nylon DMLS AlSi10Mg Aluminum DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium DMLS 316L Stainless Steel DMLS 17-4PH Stainless Steel Brick Steel Strength against density