Thermal conductivity against densityHigher and further left: spreads more heat for its weightThermal expansion against thermal conductivityLower and further right: warps less when heated
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Sources6 documents: Copper Development Association, American Institute of Steel Construction, bauforumstahl (ArcelorMittal), Wieland, Ovako
Copper C10100
C10100 oxygen-free electronic (OFE) copper, annealed to 0.050 mm grain size (OS050), 0.04 in. flat products, copper.org typical values
Steel A992
ASTM A992 W-shapes; Fy/Fu specified minimums from AISC publications (AISC 360-16 Commentary; Modern Steel Construction); elastic constants AISC 360; physical constants from the bauforumstahl structural-steel EPD, which names A992 among covered product standards.
1
C10100 Alloy (copper.org)Copper Development Associationarchived copyCopper C10100 · Yield strength: typical, 0.5% extension under load, 0.04 in. flatCopper C10100 · Ultimate tensile strength: typical, 0.04 in. flatCopper C10100 · Elongation at break: typical, 0.04 in. flatCopper C10100 · Young's modulus (stiffness): typicalCopper C10100 · Density: nominalCopper C10100 · Thermal conductivity: typical, 20 °CCopper C10100 · Thermal expansion: typical, mean 20-100 °CCopper C10100 · Specific heat: typical, 20 °CCopper C10100 · Melting point: melting point (liquidus = solidus, pure copper)
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Updating Standard Shape Material Properties Database for Design and ReliabilityAmerican Institute of Steel Constructionarchived copySteel A992 · Yield strength: typical: mean of 20,295 A992 flange mill-test coupons (1998 SSPC survey), as reported by AISCSteel A992 · Ultimate tensile strength: typical: mean of 20,295 A992 flange mill-test coupons (1998 SSPC survey)Steel A992 · Elongation at break: typical: mean of 24,847 A992 mill-test elongations, web and flange (1998 SSPC mill data), as reported by AISC
3
ANSI/AISC 360-16 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, with CommentaryAmerican Institute of Steel Constructionarchived copySteel A992 · Young's modulus (stiffness): design value (AISC 360-16)Steel A992 · Poisson's ratio: design value (AISC 360-16 Commentary)
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Environmental Product Declaration: Structural Steel Sections and Merchant Bars (2023)bauforumstahl (ArcelorMittal)archived copySteel A992 · Density: nominal (constructional data)Steel A992 · Thermal conductivity: nominal at 20 °CSteel A992 · Thermal expansion: nominal (constructional data, no temperature range stated)
5
Wieland-K09 (Cu-OFE, C10100) Data SheetWielandCopper C10100 · Poisson's ratio: reference value at room temperature (Wieland-K09 = Cu-OFE = C10100, rolled products)
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S275JR Steel GradeOvakoSteel A992 · Specific heat: base material: EN S275JR unalloyed structural steel (the EN counterpart of A36), typical, 50/100 °C
Each number points to the document that states it, with the exact basis. Values without a number are computed from the sourced ones. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.
Questions
Mechanical
Is Copper C10100 stronger than Steel A992?
Steel A992 is stronger: its yield strength is 385 MPa against 69 MPa for Copper C10100 (5.58x).
Which is lighter, Copper C10100 or Steel A992?
Steel A992 is lighter: 7,850 kg/m³ against 8,941 kg/m³ for Copper C10100.
Which is stiffer, Copper C10100 or Steel A992?
Steel A992 is stiffer: Young's modulus 200 GPa against 117 GPa for Copper C10100, so the same part in Steel A992 deflects less under the same load.
Which is lighter for the same job, Copper C10100 or Steel A992?
For the same stiffness or strength: Steel A992 is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), stiff beam (bending), stiff panel or plate, strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.
Part that must be
Copper C10100
Steel A992
Stiff rod or tie (tension)
1.94x heavier
lighter
Stiff beam (bending)
49% heavier
lighter
Stiff panel or plate
36% heavier
lighter
Strong rod or tie
6.36x heavier
lighter
Strong beam
3.58x heavier
lighter
Strong panel or plate
2.69x heavier
lighter
For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).
Which is more ductile, Copper C10100 or Steel A992?
Copper C10100 stretches further before it breaks: 45% elongation at break against 24.2% for Steel A992.
Thermal
Which conducts heat better, Copper C10100 or Steel A992?
Copper C10100 conducts heat better: 391 W/m·K against 48 W/m·K for Steel A992.
Which expands less with temperature?
Steel A992 expands less: 12 µm/m·K against 16.9 µm/m·K for Copper C10100.