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Magnesium AZ31B-H24 vs. Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)

Compare Magnesium AZ31B-H24 vs. Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) strength, stiffness, weight and thermal properties.

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Magnesium AZ31B-H24Wrought
Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Bulk polymer (molded or machined)
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Mechanical
Yield strength220MPasourcetypical, H24, 0.5-6 mm, 0.2 % proof stress45MPasourcetypical, tensile stress at yield 23 °C
Ultimate tensile strength290MPasourcetypical, H24, 0.5-6 mmnot sourced
Flexural strengthnot sourced65MPasourcetypical, 23 °C
Elongation at break13%sourcetypical, H24, 0.5-6 mm, gauge 5.65√A10%sourcenominal strain at break, 23 °C
Young's modulus (stiffness)44.8GPasourcetypical (handbook physical constant)2.3GPasourcetypical
Density1,769kg/m³sourcenominal1,040kg/m³sourcetypical
Strength to weight124kN·m/kg2.87x higher43.3kN·m/kg
Stiffness to weight25.3MN·m/kg11.5x higher2.21MN·m/kg
Poisson's ratio0.35sourcetypical (handbook physical constant)0.39sourcetypical, ABS family (Covestro Part and Mold Design guide, Table 3-1)
Shear modulus16.6GPa20.1x stiffer in shear0.827GPa
Bulk modulus49.8GPa3.48GPa
Speed of sound5,032m/s1,487m/s
Thermal
Thermal conductivity76.9W/m·Ksourcetypical (temper/temperature not stated)0.17W/m·Ksourcetypical
Thermal expansion26.8µm/m·Ksourcetypical (temperature range not stated)80–110µm/m·Ksourcerange
100 mm part over a 50 °C swing134µm growth3.54x less475µm growth
Specific heat1,040J/kg·Ksourcetypicalnot sourced
Heats up and cools (diffusivity)41.8mm²/snot sourced
Thermal shock resistance9,159W/m429x more resistant21.4W/m
Max service temperature149°Csourcestated application limit94°CsourceHDT 1.8 MPa (annealed 4 h/80 °C)
Values forAZ31B-H24 sheet 0.016-0.062 in., MIL-HDBK-5J Table 4.2.1.0(b) (AMS 4377); strengths are S-basis MINIMUMSINEOS Styrolution Terluran GP-22 general-purpose injection-molding ABS, ISO typical values (TDS revision 08/01/2022)

Every value links to the document that states it. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.

Questions

Is Magnesium AZ31B-H24 stronger than Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)?

Magnesium AZ31B-H24 is stronger: its yield strength is 220 MPa against 45 MPa for Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) (4.89x).

Which is lighter, Magnesium AZ31B-H24 or Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)?

Plastic ABS (bulk/injection) is lighter: 1,040 kg/m³ against 1,769 kg/m³ for Magnesium AZ31B-H24.

Which is stiffer, Magnesium AZ31B-H24 or Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)?

Magnesium AZ31B-H24 is stiffer: Young's modulus 44.8 GPa against 2.3 GPa for Plastic ABS (bulk/injection), so the same part in Magnesium AZ31B-H24 deflects less under the same load.

Which is lighter for the same job, Magnesium AZ31B-H24 or Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)?

For the same stiffness or strength: Magnesium AZ31B-H24 is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), stiff beam (bending), stiff panel or plate, strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.

Part that must beMagnesium AZ31B-H24Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)
Stiff rod or tie (tension)lighter11.5x heavier
Stiff beam (bending)lighter2.59x heavier
Stiff panel or platelighter1.58x heavier
Strong rod or tielighter2.87x heavier
Strong beamlighter1.69x heavier
Strong panel or platelighter30% heavier

For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).

Which conducts heat better, Magnesium AZ31B-H24 or Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)?

Magnesium AZ31B-H24 conducts heat better: 76.9 W/m·K against 0.17 W/m·K for Plastic ABS (bulk/injection).

Which expands less with temperature?

Magnesium AZ31B-H24 expands less: 26.8 µm/m·K against 95 µm/m·K for Plastic ABS (bulk/injection).

Among 59 materials

1k10k0.1110100Density (kg/m³)Young's modulus (GPa)Plastic PLAPlastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic TPUPlastic NylonAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless Steel 304Stainless Steel 316Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless Steel 303Stainless Steel 17-4PHAluminum 2024-T351Aluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Zinc Zamak 3Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM PAHT-CFFDM HIPSSLA Resin Tough 2000SLS PA12 NylonDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 316L Stainless SteelDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelMagnesium AZ31B-H24Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)
Stiffness against density
1k10k101001kDensity (kg/m³)Yield strength (MPa)Plastic PLAPlastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic TPUPlastic NylonRubberAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless Steel 304Stainless Steel 316Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless Steel 303Stainless Steel 17-4PHAluminum 2024-T351Aluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Zinc Zamak 3Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic PTFEPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM PAHT-CFFDM HIPSSLA Resin Tough 2000SLA Resin Elastic 50ASLS PA12 NylonDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 316L Stainless SteelDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelBrickMagnesium AZ31B-H24Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)
Strength against density

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