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Stainless 304 vs. DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium
Compare Stainless 304 vs. DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium strength, stiffness, weight and thermal properties.
| Try it on a partA bracket to run stress or thermal on, free in your browser | Open in LessCAD | Open in LessCAD |
|---|---|---|
| Mechanical | ||
| Yield strength | 241MPasourcetypical, annealed, 70 °F (21 °C) | 1,100MPasourcetypical, as built, average of horizontal + vertical (M400) |
| Ultimate tensile strength | 586MPasourcetypical, annealed, 70 °F (21 °C) | 1,270MPasourcetypical, as built, average of horizontal + vertical (M400) |
| Elongation at break | 55%sourcetypical, annealed, in 2 in. (50.8 mm) | 8.7%sourcetypical at break, as built (M400) |
| Young's modulus (stiffness) | 193GPasourcetypical, in tension | 110GPasourcesame maker and process, sibling grade: EOS Titanium Ti64 (Grade 5) on EOS M 290, as built, XY and Z, typical |
| Density | 8,030kg/m³sourcetypical | 4,400kg/m³sourcetypical part density (ISO 3369), M400 |
| Strength to weight | 30kN·m/kg | 250kN·m/kg8.33x higher |
| Stiffness to weight | 24MN·m/kg | 25MN·m/kg4% higher |
| Poisson's ratio | 0.3sourcedesign value (structural stainless steels) | 0.342sourcewrought TIMETAL 6-4 (TIMET measurement, mean of 10); composition-level, not DMLS-measured |
| Shear modulus | 74.2GPa1.81x stiffer in shear | 41GPa |
| Bulk modulus | 161GPa | 116GPa |
| Speed of sound | 4,903m/s | 5,000m/s |
| Thermal | ||
| Thermal conductivity | 16.2W/m·Ksourceat 100 °C | 6.6W/m·Ksourcebase material: wrought Ti-6Al-4V / 6-4 ELI (TIMET datasheet), 20 °C |
| Thermal expansion | 16.9µm/m·Ksourcemean, 0–100 °C | 9µm/m·Ksourcemean 25-100 °C, ASTM E228; EOS Ti64 Grade 23 (=ELI) on EOS M 290 40 µm; condition not stated (sheet's mechanical data are heat treated) |
| 100 mm part over a 50 °C swing | 84.5µm growth | 45µm growth1.88x less |
| Specific heat | 500J/kg·Ksourcemean, 0–100 °C | 580J/kg·Ksourcebase material: wrought Ti-6Al-4V / 6-4 ELI (TIMET datasheet), 20 °C |
| Heats up and cools (diffusivity) | 4.03mm²/s1.56x faster | 2.59mm²/s |
| Thermal shock resistance | 838W/m | 4,825W/m5.76x more resistant |
| Melting point | 1,399–1,454°Csourcemelting range | 1,630–1,650°Csourcemelting range, wrought TIMETAL 6-4 (composition-level) |
| Max service temperature | 899°Csourcecontinuous, oxidation (scaling) limit in air | not sourced |
| Values for | Type 304, annealed flat-rolled (Cleveland-Cliffs 304/304L Product Data Bulletin, May 2021); Poisson's ratio from the Nickel Institute/SCI structural stainless design manual | EOS Titanium Ti64ELI (powder 9011-0040; ASTM F136/F3001, i.e. Grade 23) on EOS M400 SF, parameter set Ti64ELI_030_FlexM400_100, 30 µm, as built; ISO 6892-1 A14 |
Every value links to the document that states it. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.
DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium is 3D printed: its properties depend on build direction and print settings; these are typical values.
Questions
Is Stainless 304 stronger than DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium?
DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium is stronger: its yield strength is 1,100 MPa against 241 MPa for Stainless 304 (4.56x).
Which is lighter, Stainless 304 or DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium?
DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium is lighter: 4,400 kg/m³ against 8,030 kg/m³ for Stainless 304.
Which is stiffer, Stainless 304 or DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium?
Stainless 304 is stiffer: Young's modulus 193 GPa against 110 GPa for DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium, so the same part in Stainless 304 deflects less under the same load.
Which is lighter for the same job, Stainless 304 or DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium?
For the same stiffness or strength: DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), stiff beam (bending), stiff panel or plate, strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.
| Part that must be | Stainless 304 | DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium |
|---|---|---|
| Stiff rod or tie (tension) | 4% heavier | lighter |
| Stiff beam (bending) | 38% heavier | lighter |
| Stiff panel or plate | 1.51x heavier | lighter |
| Strong rod or tie | 8.33x heavier | lighter |
| Strong beam | 5.02x heavier | lighter |
| Strong panel or plate | 3.9x heavier | lighter |
For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).
Which conducts heat better, Stainless 304 or DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium?
Stainless 304 conducts heat better: 16.2 W/m·K against 6.6 W/m·K for DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium.
Which expands less with temperature?
DMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium expands less: 9 µm/m·K against 16.9 µm/m·K for Stainless 304.
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