Materials / Compare
Steel AISI 1018 vs. Titanium Ti-6Al-4V
Compare Steel AISI 1018 vs. Titanium Ti-6Al-4V strength, stiffness, weight and thermal properties.
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|---|---|---|
| Mechanical | ||
| Yield strength | 372MPasourceproducer-stated, cold drawn | 885MPasourcetypical, plate (>0.187 in), annealed, 0.2% offset |
| Ultimate tensile strength | 441MPasourceproducer-stated, cold drawn | 940MPasourcetypical, plate, annealed |
| Elongation at break | 15%sourcein 2 in (50.8 mm) | 16%sourcetypical, in 2 in., plate annealed |
| Young's modulus (stiffness) | 200GPasourcebase material: AISI 1025 plain carbon steel (MIL-HDBK-5J design value; ASTM A108 bar is the cold-finished carbon-steel bar spec that also covers 1018) | 107–122GPasourcetypical range, 20 °C |
| Density | 7,861kg/m³sourcebase material: AISI 1025 plain carbon steel (MIL-HDBK-5J design value; ASTM A108 bar is the cold-finished carbon-steel bar spec that also covers 1018) | 4,430kg/m³sourcenominal |
| Strength to weight | 47.3kN·m/kg | 200kN·m/kg4.22x higher |
| Stiffness to weight | 25.4MN·m/kg | 25.8MN·m/kg2% higher |
| Poisson's ratio | 0.32sourcebase material: AISI 1025 plain carbon steel (MIL-HDBK-5J design value; ASTM A108 bar is the cold-finished carbon-steel bar spec that also covers 1018) | 0.342sourcemean of TIMET measurements |
| Shear modulus | 75.7GPa1.77x stiffer in shear | 42.7GPa |
| Bulk modulus | 185GPa | 121GPa |
| Speed of sound | 5,043m/s | 5,084m/s |
| Thermal | ||
| Thermal conductivity | 51.9W/m·Ksourcebase material: AISI 1025 plain carbon steel (MIL-HDBK-5J design value; ASTM A108 bar is the cold-finished carbon-steel bar spec that also covers 1018) | 6.6W/m·Ksourcetypical, 20 °C, mill annealed |
| Thermal expansion | 12µm/m·Ksourcebase material: unalloyed carbon steel, Ovako family table (S275JR, 'none alloyed structural steels', C <= 0.21%); mean 20-300 °C | 9µm/m·Ksourcetypical, mean 0-100 °C |
| 100 mm part over a 50 °C swing | 60µm growth | 45µm growth33% less |
| Specific heat | 486J/kg·Ksourcebase material: AISI 1025 plain carbon steel (MIL-HDBK-5J design value; ASTM A108 bar is the cold-finished carbon-steel bar spec that also covers 1018) | 580J/kg·Ksourcetypical, 20 °C |
| Heats up and cools (diffusivity) | 13.6mm²/s5.29x faster | 2.57mm²/s |
| Thermal shock resistance | 5,473W/m47% more resistant | 3,730W/m |
| Melting point | not sourced | 1,630–1,650°Csourcemelting range |
| Max service temperature | not sourced | 400°Csourceupper recommended use temperature |
| Values for | AISI 1018 cold drawn bar (Niagara LaSalle, cold-finished bar producer) | TIMETAL 6-4 (Ti-6Al-4V Grade 5) annealed plate typical (TIMET properties manual) + TIMET datasheet TMC-0150 physical properties |
Every value links to the document that states it. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.
Questions
Is Steel AISI 1018 stronger than Titanium Ti-6Al-4V?
Titanium Ti-6Al-4V is stronger: its yield strength is 885 MPa against 372 MPa for Steel AISI 1018 (2.38x).
Which is lighter, Steel AISI 1018 or Titanium Ti-6Al-4V?
Titanium Ti-6Al-4V is lighter: 4,430 kg/m³ against 7,861 kg/m³ for Steel AISI 1018.
Which is stiffer, Steel AISI 1018 or Titanium Ti-6Al-4V?
Steel AISI 1018 is stiffer: Young's modulus 200 GPa against 115 GPa for Titanium Ti-6Al-4V, so the same part in Steel AISI 1018 deflects less under the same load.
Which is lighter for the same job, Steel AISI 1018 or Titanium Ti-6Al-4V?
For the same stiffness or strength: Titanium Ti-6Al-4V is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), stiff beam (bending), stiff panel or plate, strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.
| Part that must be | Steel AISI 1018 | Titanium Ti-6Al-4V |
|---|---|---|
| Stiff rod or tie (tension) | 2% heavier | lighter |
| Stiff beam (bending) | 34% heavier | lighter |
| Stiff panel or plate | 47% heavier | lighter |
| Strong rod or tie | 4.22x heavier | lighter |
| Strong beam | 3.16x heavier | lighter |
| Strong panel or plate | 2.74x heavier | lighter |
For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).
Which conducts heat better, Steel AISI 1018 or Titanium Ti-6Al-4V?
Steel AISI 1018 conducts heat better: 51.9 W/m·K against 6.6 W/m·K for Titanium Ti-6Al-4V.
Which expands less with temperature?
Titanium Ti-6Al-4V expands less: 9 µm/m·K against 12 µm/m·K for Steel AISI 1018.